Most Unwanted: Smooth cord-grass
Spartina anglica
Habitat: Terrestrial
Threat: Threatens protected species and habitats
Status: Established
The species Spartina anglica owes its origin to the introduction of the North American species Spartina alterniflora. This non native species hybridized with the native S. maritima which resulted in the formation of a sterile hybrid known as S. townsendii. This hybrid further developed into the Spartina anglica which is currently regarded as an invasive species.
What is it
Common cord-grass is a robust grass with erect shoots which can reach 1.3m. For a more detailed description please refer to the Habitas webpage on this species.
Impact
The primary habitat of this species is just below the regular salt marsh communities and in the areas occupied by intertidal Zostera. This is of significant concern to environmental managers as certain species of birds such as the Brent geese depend on this habitat for food. The spartina swards are also cited as creating monocultures.
Where is it from?
This species developed in the south coast of England after the introduction of the non native species S. alterniflora. It is believed that S. alterniflora arrived in Britain via contamination of ballast water or sediment. Non native Spartina species also represent a significant risk to mudflat habitats in North America as well as in Europe.
Where are they in Ireland?
Spartina anglica is widespread on sheltered muds at tide level around the coast of Ireland.
How did it get here?
This species was initially planted in Ireland to stabilise dunes.
How are they spreading in Ireland
Natural dispersal by seed and expansion through the rhizomes. Seeds can remain dormant for several years.
What you can do
Report all sightings.
Additional reading
Habitas Invasive Alien Species in Northern Ireland
